Description
Bioinformatics is the application of information technology to the field of molecular biology. Bioinformatics has evolved drastically over time and involves the analysis and interpretation of biological data. De-oxy ribonucleic acid (DNA) stores the instructions which are responsible for functioning and development of living organisms. These instructions are referred to as genetic instructions and the segments of DNA which carry these instructions are referred to as genes. Genomics is a popular field in bioinformatics which involves genes and their analysis. An outstanding fact about genomic information is that, it can be represented digitally. Genomic information in DNA can be expressed as set of character strings in which each character correspond to a Nucleotide. DNA sequence consists of four nucleotides namely A, G, C, and T. All genetic instructions are stored in this DNA sequence. Genomic signal processing is an engineering discipline which deals with analysis and processing of genomic signals. The aim of this research is to demonstrate the application of digital signal processing techniques in the field of Bioinformatics. Analysis of the sequence pattern in DNA to predict the protein coding regions, also called as exons, forms the crux of this thesis. Initially, the analytical applications of digital signal processing in the field of genomics were thoroughly studied. Further, the DNA sequence was examined in detail to predict the exons from the given DNA sequence using Stockwell Transform. The C.Elegans F56F11.4 chromosome was taken as an input from the public database and the protein coding regions from this chromosome was predicted using Stockwell Transform. Our prediction results showed the correct magnitude and location of exons. The implementation of the research was done using the simulation capabilities of MATLAB.
