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Description
The aim of this research is to validate the Strategies for Weight Management (SWM) questionnaire. The SWM is a 35-item self-report measure that assesses the use of recommended behavioral strategies for reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure to promote weight management in overweight/obese adults. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) factor analyses were conducted on the SWM. Baseline data were collected from 404 young adults (mean age=22±3.8 years, 70% female, 68% ethnic minority) for the EFA and 236 adults (mean age=42±11.1 years, 75% female, 84% ethnic minority) for the CFA. Both samples were involved in randomized controlled behavioral weight loss interventions aiming to improve diet and physical activity. Correlate models were conducted using linear regressions to assess associations between SWM subscale/total scores and demographics. Reliability (Cronbach's _) and concurrent, predictive, and construct validity were assessed with the young adult sample. Validity tests conducted with linear regressions examined associations between the SWM and weight management outcomes (i.e., weight and self-reported diet and physical activity) using baseline and 6-month data. Signal detection analysis was conducted to identify subgroups of overweight/obese young adults more or less likely to lose ≥5% body weight in 6 months. SWM items and subscale/total scores were predictor variables. Final subgroups were compared by demographics. EFA and CFA suggested a four-factor model: strategies categorized as targeting 1) energy intake, 2) energy expenditure, 3) self-monitoring, and 4) self-regulation. Correlate models revealed weak associations with demographics. Cronbach's _ for subscale/total scores ranged from 0.74-0.85. Subscale/total scores predicted select concurrent, predictive, and construct relationships. Signal detection identified three SWM items that best predicted weight loss success, with success ranging from 5.5%-45.8%. Subgroups did not differ by demographics. The SWM showed promising psychometric qualities in two diverse samples of overweight/obese adults. Use of the SWM may promote weight management and ultimately provide a better understanding of the recommended strategies associated with improved weight management.
