Description
Objective: To explore the feasibility of implementing an initiative to promote healthy prepared meals in a low-income Latino market in San Diego, California. Methods: Data for the participatory action research was collected using a mixed-methods design. Sample included: simple random sampling to select 26 customers to complete a consumer survey; two in-depth key informant interviews with staff members; nineteen weeks of field reports; sales data. Whenever possible, the information was used to compare the first stage of the project to the second stage of the project. Analysis: Mixed methods were used. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the consumer surveys to identify demographic data and closed-ended responses on the intervention. Qualitative data from the two key informant interviews were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Field notes were analyzed for themes. Sales data form each stage of the intervention were compared to measure any increases or decreases in sales. Quantitative and qualitative data was integrated to provide a holistic understanding of the data. Results: The second stage of the interventions saw a 284 percent increase in the number of meals sold. Surveys of consumers found that some were familiar with the Healthy Cocina Initiative and of those who purchased the meal, the majority of them identified the healthiness of the meal as their main motivation for buying it. Key informant interviews established the logistical hurdles. Additionally, field notes provided examples of the need to build a strong relationship with the participants who are supporting participatory action research in the field, especially when their engagement is integral to project success. Conclusions and Implications: Research on acculturation demonstrated how certain behaviors such as traditional food consumption patterns act as a protective barrier against chronic disease issues. However, convenience and cost often compromise these behaviors. Future food retail-focused programs should explore opportunities to develop prepared, culturally-appropriate, cost-competitive meals to sell in markets that service low-income Latino communities. The mixed methods participatory action research presented in this study offered an in-depth exploration into the feasibility and impacts of implementing an initiative to promote healthy prepared meals in a low-income Latino market in San Diego.
